Cicadas: Nature’s Noisy Timekeepers

For most of their lives, cicadas live in total darkness, silently waiting underground. Then, almost as if responding to a celestial alarm clock, they emerge — by the billions — filling the air with their unmistakable sound. But what exactly makes these insects such precise and fascinating timekeepers?

**A Life Spent Underground**
Cicadas spend the majority of their lifespan as nymphs, burrowed beneath the soil. Here, they feed on the sap from tree roots and grow slowly over many years. Some species remain hidden for 13 or even 17 years — a strategy that baffles scientists and fascinates naturalists.

**The Great Emergence**
When the time is right, entire broods of cicadas tunnel to the surface simultaneously. This mass emergence is a survival strategy: by overwhelming predators with sheer numbers, enough cicadas survive to mate and reproduce.

**Nature’s Alarm Clock**
What tells cicadas it’s time to rise? While the exact mechanism is still being studied, it’s believed that **soil temperature**, particularly when it reaches around **64°F (18°C)** at about 8 inches deep, plays a key role. Some scientists also speculate that cicadas may count the seasonal cycles of tree sap.

**That Iconic Sound**
Only male cicadas produce the loud, buzzing sound they’re known for. They use **specialized organs called tymbals**, located on their abdomen, to create vibrations. These sounds can reach over **100 decibels**, louder than a chainsaw!

Each species of cicada has its own unique song, which helps males attract females of the same species. Forests come alive with a symphony of calls that can last for weeks during mating season.

**Short But Impactful Adult Lives**
After emerging, adult cicadas shed their exoskeletons, mate, and lay eggs in tree branches. Within 4–6 weeks, their brief aboveground lives end. But the eggs hatch, the nymphs fall to the ground, and the cycle begins anew — silently, invisibly, for another decade or more.

**Cultural and Ecological Importance**
- In some cultures, cicadas symbolize **rebirth and transformation**.
- Their emergence **aerates soil** and **feeds many species**, from birds to mammals.
- They don’t bite or sting and are harmless to humans and pets.

**A Natural Wonder in Waiting**
The synchronized life cycle of cicadas remains one of nature’s most mysterious and awe-inspiring phenomena. Whether you find their noise haunting or hypnotic, there’s no denying their role as timekeepers of the insect world.